A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Selected Postnatal Complications among Postnatal Women of Selected Hospitals at Vadodra District

 

Bhoomika Patel¹, Ms. Rita Thapa², Prof. Ravindra H.N.³, Ms. Vruti Patel⁴, Ms. Poonam Gadiya⁵

¹IInd year M.Sc. Nursing Sumandeep Nursing College, Piparia, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Vadodara.

²Associate Professor, Sumandeep Nursing College, Piparia, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Vadodara.

³Principal, Sumandeep Nursing College, Piparia, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara.

⁴Assistant Professor, Sumandeep Nursing College, Piparia, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara.

⁵Assistant Professor, Sumandeep Nursing College, Piparia, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara.

 

ABSTRACT:

Mother and child health is one of the major concerns of public health throughou109 the world. Health education and increased knowledge of mothers in relation to their health is an important strategy for improving maternal health. Even with the best possible antenatal screening, any delivery can become a complicated one requiring emergency intervention. Therefore, skilled assistance is essential to delivery care. In the absence of midwives or nurses, TBAs (who usually perform home deliveries, often as a source of income) should be trained to identify complications, provide immediate first aid, and know when and where to refer Mothers for additional care. Objective, the main aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on selected postnatal complications among postnatal women of selected hospitals at Vadodara district. Method, the study involved one group pre-test and post-test using pre experimental design, with probability simple random sampling technique was used to draw the sample. The size of sample was 60 postnatal women Result, In the study knowledge of the mean percentage of the pre-test was 28.4% and SD was 3.27. Whereas, the knowledge of mean percentage of the post-test was 73.73% and SD was 2.77. Further, the effectiveness of mean knowledge found to be 54.33%. statistically the t test was found to be -30.106. that reflects significant enhancement of knowledge score from pre-test to post test at P< 0.05 revealing the effectiveness of planned teaching Programme on selected postnatal complications. Conclusion, the knowledge of postnatal women regarding selected postnatal complications among the postnatal women was inadequate before the administration of planned teaching Programme. The planned teaching was effective in all knowledge aspects in the post test. However, this study reveals that the planned teaching on knowledge regarding selected postnatal complications among postnatal women was effective. Thus the analysis reveals that there is a significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge score of postnatal women on selected postnatal complications. Hence the stated Research hypothesis “There is a significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores regarding selected postnatal complications among postnatal women has been accepted.

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

The postpartum period is loosely defined as the period immediately following childbirth. Term puerperium refers to the first 6 weeks after delivery, during which the reproductive organs are returning to their normal condition following Labor and delivery. Psychologic and social changes as well as major physiologic events occur for a new mother and her family during the puerperium.¹ WHO committed to achieve the millennium development goal of reducing maternal deaths by three quarters. So the goals of WHO is to raise awareness of maternal, new-born and child health and highlight these issues as a priority for government and the international community. According to world health report launched on world health day make every mother and child counts, calls for the greater access to live saving care and intervention. It also advocates a continuum of care approach for women and children that begin before pregnancy and children and extends through childbirth into the baby’s childhood.² After delivery the woman needs to return to her pre-pregnant state and this occurs within the first six weeks, a period termed as puerperium. Checking of the return of the woman to her pre-pregnant state is done at six major weeks. Therefore, the six weeks’ postnatal care is a major landmark between pregnancy and the normal state of the women. Globally, at least 585,000 women die each year by complications of pregnancy and child birth. More than 70% of all maternal deaths are due to five major complications: Haemorrhage, Infection, Unsafe abortion, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and obstructed labour. The majority of maternal deaths (61%) occurs in the postpartum period, and more than half of these take place within a day of delivery.³

 

STATEMENT OF THE STUDY:

“A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding selected postnatal complications among postnatal women selected hospitals at Vadodara district”.

 

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

The objectives of the research are:

1.      To assess the existing level of knowledge of postnatal women regarding selected postnatal complications.

2.      To assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding selected postnatal complications.

3.      To determine the association between pre-test knowledge score with selected demographic variables.

 

HYPOTHESIS:

H₁:

There will be significant difference between pre-test knowledge score and post-test knowledge score of postnatal women regarding postnatal complications.

H₂:

There will be significant association between pre-test knowledge score with their selected demographic variables.

 

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK:

Based on modified Ernestine wiedenbatch need for help theory

 

REVIEW OF LITERATURE:

Literature regarding postnatal complication

A. Review literature related to effectiveness of structure teaching programme

B. Review literature related to puerperal sepsis

C. Review literature related to anaemia

D. Review literature related to urinary tract infection

E. Review literature related to sub involution

F. Review literature related to breast problems

 

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

The research approach adopted for the study was evaluative approach as the researcher is going to evaluating the effectiveness of planned teaching programme regarding selected postnatal complications among postnatal women. The research design adopted for this study was pre-experimental one group pre-test, post-test design. Dependent variables: Knowledge of the postnatal women regarding selected postnatal complications. Independent variables: Planned teaching programmed regarding the selected postnatal complications. Demographic variables: Age, religion, education, occupation, type of family, belonging community etc. Population. In the present study, the target population comprise of postnatal women who are admitted in selected hospitals at Vadodara district. Sample in the present study, the sample consist of 60 postnatal women who fulfil the inclusion criteria. Sampling technique Probability simple randomized technique. Tool for data collection: Section A: Comprises of the socio-demographic profile of the postnatal women. Section B: The investigator developed 30 self-structured knowledge questionnaire on selected postnatal complications.

 

RESULT:

1.      Age: Out of 60 postnatal women, majority found in the age group of 65% were found in the age group of 25-29 years followed by 21.7% in the age group of 20-24 years, 8.3% in the age group of 30-34 years,5% in the age group of more than 35 years.

2.      Religion: In this study 75%% women belongs to Hindu religion, 23.3% from Muslim, and 1.7% from others religion.

3.      Education: In this study 51.7% women had primary education, 28.3% have secondary education, 11.7% have higher secondary and more education and 8.3% have no any formal education.

4.      Occupation: In this study 83.3% women were house wife, 11.7% women are laborer, and 5% women have other occupation.

5.      Type of family: In this study 60% women belongs from nuclear family; 40% women belongs from joint family.

6.      Monthly income: In this study 45% women have 8001-9000 monthly income, 38.3% have 9001-10,000 monthly income,15% have below 8000 monthly incomes, 1.7% above 10,000 monthly incomes.

7.      Conceived pregnancy: 60% women are conceived 2 times pregnancy,18.3% are conceived 1 time,16.7% are conceived 3 times and 5% are conceived more than 3 times.  

 

Overall pre-test and post-test mean knowledge score on selected postnatal complications among postnatal women.

 

 

Overall pre-test and post-test mean% knowledge score on selected postnatal complications among postnatal women

 

Table 1 and Figure 1 shows that the comparison of all over pre-test and post-test mean knowledge on selected postnatal complications. Knowledge of mean percentage of the pre-test was 28.4%, the mean knowledge of post-test 73.73%. Further, the effectiveness of mean percentage found to be 54.33% from pre-test and post-test. The t value is -30.106 and p value is 0. 000. So significantly effectiveness of planned teaching.

 

DISCUSSION:

Socio demographic characteristics of the Respondents:

The study findings demonstrated that the majority of 39 (65%) postnatal women were found in the age group of 25-29 years followed by 13(21.7%) in the age group of 20-24 years. 5 (8.3%)in the age group of 30-34 years and 3 (5.0%) were found in the age group of more than 35 years.

 

This study shows that there was majority of 45(75%) postnatal women from Hindu religion. Followed by 14 (23.3%) women from Muslim religion,1 (1.7%) woman from other religion. None of them from Christian religion. For the education, this study shows that majority of 31(51.7%) postnatal women had primary education, 17(28.3%) women had secondary education,7 (11.7%) women had higher secondary or more education and 5 (8.3%) women had no any formal education.

This study shows that 50(83.3%) postnatal women were house wife, 7(11.7%) women were labourer and 3(5%) were other workers. None of them were farmer.

 

This study shows that 36(60%) postnatal women lived in nuclear family and 24(40%) women live din joint family.

 

In this study there was 27(45%) postnatal women have 8000-9000/-monthly income, followed by 23(38.3%) have 9001-10,000/-months, 9(15%) have below 8000/-months,1(1.7%) has above 10,000/- monthly income.

 

This study shows that 36(60%) women had 2 times conceived pregnancy, 11(18.3%) women had 1 time conceived pregnancy, 10(16.7%) women had 3 times conceived pregnancy, 3(5%) women had more than 3 times conceived pregnancy.

 

The finding of the study based on its objectives are discussed under the following headings

First objective: To assess the existing knowledge regarding selected postnatal complications among postnatal women. Out of 60 postnatal women, 71.7 % of the postnatal women had poor knowledge, 28.3% of postnatal women had average knowledge and none of the postnatal women had good knowledge. The highest mean percentage knowledge score of 34.71 % in the aspect of Introduction of postnatal period and postnatal complication, Information regarding selected postnatal complications (27.22%) and in the aspect of Management of selected postnatal complications (23.6%). Thus the investigator assumes that there is a need for imparting knowledge to all the postnatal women the finding of the study was supported by a study on, “Preferences for Participation in Information Needs postnatal women”.

 

Second Objective:

To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding selected postnatal complications among postnatal women. Out of 60 postnatal women, 4 (75%) of the 60 postnatal women had adequate knowledge, 15(25 %) of the 60 postnatal women had average knowledge and none of the postnatal women had poor knowledge. The highest mean percentage knowledge score was found in the aspect of Introduction of postnatal period and postnatal complication on postnatal women 7 by 5.52 (78.86%), 18 by 13.08 (72.67%) was seen in the aspect of Information regarding selected postnatal complications, and least mean percentage knowledge score of 3.52 (70.4%) was seen in the aspect of Management of selected postnatal complications. It is evident from the post-test knowledge assessment that there is considerable knowledge among the respondents.

 

Third Objective:

To associate the pre-test knowledge level score regarding selected postnatal complications with their selected demographic variables of postnatal women The association of knowledge level of postnatal women  with selected demographic variables shows that there is statistically not  significant association of pre-test knowledge of  postnatal women with their age group , religion,  monthly income, and significant association of pre-test knowledge of postnatal women with their education, occupation, type of family and Conceived pregnancy, their corresponding Chi-square value found to be 3.075, 0.833, 2.378 respectively in pre-test at 5% level of  not significance, and 5.451, 7.427, 7.427, 10.461 respectively in pre-test at 5% level of significance.

 

REFERENCES:

1.     Audit Commission: First Class Delivery: improving maternity services in England and Wales. London: 1997.

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3.     Amandeep Kaur, et al, knowledge of postnatal women regarding postnatal complications, International journal of nursing education,2013, vol. 5, issue 2.:1-6

4.     D.c. Dutta, the test book obstetrics, 6^th edition, publisher new central book agency. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/sub involution.

5.     Nils Mailman Postpartum anaemia II: prevention and treatment Ann Hematol (2012) 91:143–154.

6.     Myles text book for Midwives, Dian M frases, Margaret A, Cooper 14^th edition page no.639-640

7.     World Health Organization. The World Health Report 1998: Life in the 21^st century, a vision for all. Geneva. World Health Organization; 1998.232

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Received on 23.05.2017           Modified on 20.06.2017

Accepted on 29.08.2017         © A&V Publications all right reserved